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Preface
1 Introduction
2 Language Description
3 Programming System
3.1 Conventions
3.2 Compiler
3.2.1 Mode of Operation
3.2.2 Compiler Call
3.2.3 Error Handling
3.3 Interpreter
4 BAE User Language Programs
A Conventions and Definitions
B Index Variable Types
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Bartels :: Bartels AutoEngineer :: BAE Documentation :: User Language Programmer's Guide :: Programming System :: Compiler
Bartels User Language - Programmer's Guide

3.2 Compiler

Bartels AutoEngineer® Dokumentation

The Bartels User Language Compiler translates User Language source code into User Language machine programs and/or User Language libraries. User Language machine programs can be executed by the User Language Interpreter. User Language libraries usually are generated from frequently used source code. User Language library machine code can be linked to other User Language machine code (programs or libraries). Library linking can be done either statically (at compile time by the User Language Compiler) or dynamically (at runtime by the User Language Interpreter). As an advantage of the User Language library concept, frequently used source code needs to be compiled just once and can subsequently be referenced through linking, which is much faster than compiling.

 

3.2.1 Mode of Operation

At the compilation of User Language source code the User Language Compiler performs comprehensive syntactic and semantic consistency checks, removes redundancies from the program and/or library, and finally produces - in very compact form - a source code equivalent User Language machine code (User Language program and/or User Language library). The built-in linker of the Compiler performs static library linking and generates information for dynamic linking on request. This is applied with the subsequently described sequence of operations.

Syntax Analysis and Semantic Check

The first phase of the compilation process performs syntactic analysis. A parser pass is applied to handle formal problems, i.e., to check whether the sequence of words and symbols from the source code represents a syntactically valid User Language program and/or library. With this parser pass, semantic checks are performed in order to ensure consistency and uniqueness of the source's variable, parameter, and function definitions. As a result, this first parser pass (pass 1) generates an internal symbol table, which is required for the semantic test performed in the second parser pass (pass 2). The semantic test includes a context-sensitive analysis of the source code text to suppress the misuse of the defined program objects, i.e., the semantic test checks on the validity of the usage of names as well as the admissibility of the operations on the defined objects.

Machine Code Generation

The source code equivalent machine code is constructed already whilst running the semantic test, i.e., with the second parser pass (pass 2). The machine code generated by the Compiler corresponds with a valid machine program and/or library only if the semantic test was completed without errors.

Linker

The built-in linker of the Compiler performs static library linking and generates information for dynamic linking on request.

The static link process (Compiler option -lib) binds machine code from required User Language libraries to the machine code currently to be translated. The requested libraries are checked for Compiler version compatibility. References to library machine code such as global function and/or variable addresses are resolved with consistency check.

The dynamic link process (Compiler option -dll) only simulates machine code binding. As a result, dynamic link library relocation tables for resolving references to dynamic link libraries at runtime is stored with the machine code. The information provided with these relocation tables is later used by the User Language Interpreter to check library compatibility when performing dynamic link processes at runtime. Note that User Language library modifications require the recompilation of all User Language programs and/or libraries containing dynamic link requests to the changed library.

Optimizer

The optimizer of the User Language Compiler can be activated using the Compiler option -O. The optimizer frees the machine code from redundancies and modifies the machine code in order make it more efficient. The optimizer recognizes and eliminates unused code segments as well as unreferenced function, variable, and parameter definitions. It changes variable references to constant accesses if possible (Constant Propagation), and it accomplishes algebraic optimizations. In most cases optimization considerably reduces machine code's memory and runtime requirements.

The optimization introduces a very useful side effect: optimizer-modified machine code can be checked for special programming errors, which the Compiler otherwise would not have been able to recognize.

Machine Code Check

After generating the machine code, the Compiler checks it again for fatal errors, which the Compiler eventually is able to recognize by analyzing the machine code. Such errors are division by zero, endless loop constructs and endless-recursive function calls.

Listing File Output

The User Language Compiler can be caused optionally to produce a listing file. The specifications in this file can be useful for locating errors occurred at runtime (i.e., with the program execution) only. The complete listing file content is composed of general program and/or library specifications (name, version, caller type), dynamic link request information, static link library reference listings, tables of the definitions (functions, variables, structures, etc.) used throughout the machine code, and the machine code listing (i.e., the list of the machine instructions including source text and machine code line number specifications).

The listing option -l of the User Language Compiler supports different modes for making the output more or less verbose. With this option, it is possible to, e.g., restrict output for User Language library documentation purposes (library function reference).

The -ld option allows for the specification of an alternative output directory for the listing files created with the -l option. This option is useful when applying make utilities for automatically compiling modified User Language programs as it allows to keep the source directories clean. With the BAE software, a makefile is provided in the baeulc directory. This makefile defines the dependencies between User Language programs and include files and works with listing files in a subdirectory (lst).

Machine Code Storage

With the final phase of the compilation process the machine code generated by the User Language Compiler is stored to the ulcprog.vdb file in the Bartels AutoEngineer programs directory. Each machine code is named according to the destination element name specified with the Compiler call (see Compiler options -Source, -cp, -cl). At the storage of machine code special database classes are assigned to User Language programs and/or User Language libraries, respectively.

Special User Language Compiler options allow for the deletion of User Language programs (option -dp) and/or libraries (option -dl) stored to ulcprog.vdb. With this option, it is possible to cleanup ulcprog.vdb from obsolete and/or redundant machine code.

 

3.2.2 Compiler Call

The translation of an User Language program and/or an User Language library is started with the User Language Compiler call.

Synopsis

The User Language Compiler must be called from the operating system shell. The synopsis for calling the Compiler is:

ulc [-wcon|-wcoff] [[-S[ource]] srcfile...]
    [-lib libname...] [-dll libname...]
    [{-cp|-cl} [dstname...]]
    [-I[nclude] includepath...] [-D[efine] macroid...]
    [-O[0|1]] [-e[0|1]] [-w[0|1|2|3|4]] [-t[0|1]]
    [-l[0|1|2|3|4|5]] [-ld listingdirectory]
    [-dp prgname...] [-dl libname...]
    [-ulp prgfilename] [-ull libfilename]
    [-log logfilename]

On syntactically wrong Compiler calls, the correct ULC command syntax is displayed, and the compilation process is aborted.

Options

Command line options of the User Language Compiler consist of the dash (-) or slash (/) start character followed by the option specification. Single-character option specifications optionally followed by a mode or toggle number are often known as switches or flags. Such special options can be grouped as in /l2Ow3 or -O1w3l2, which both select listing mode 2, activate the optimizer, and set the warning severity level to 3.

Wildcard Option [-wcon|-wcoff]

The wildcard option is used to activate or deactivate wildcard processing at the specification of file and/or element names. On default wildcard processing is activated, i.e., omitting the wildcard option leaves wildcard processing activated. Option -wcon can be used for explicitly activating wildcard processing. With wildcard recognition activated, the character ? can be used for matching any arbitrary character, and the character * can be used for matching an arbitrary number of arbitrary characters. Option -wcoff can be used to turn off wildcard processing. Wildcard recognition must be deactivated for explicitly processing names containing wildcard characters such as scm_? or ged_*.

Source File Option [[-S[ource]] srcfile...]

This option is used for specifying the file name(s) containing the source code to be compiled. File name specifications can contain a directory path, i.e., the source file names need not reside in the current directory. Wildcards are supported with the source file name specification if wildcard recognition is activated (see option -wcon above). Source file names can be specified with or without file name extension. On source file name specifications without extension the Compiler automatically assumes and/or appends file name extension .ulc. I.e., source file names with non-default extension must be specified with their extension, respectively. It is possible to, e.g., generate User Language libraries from include files usually named with extension .ulh. The type of User Language machine code to be generated is designated with either option -cp (User Language programs; see below) or option -cl (User Language libraries; see below). The name of the machine code element to be generated is derived from the source file name by stripping the directory path and the file name extension from the source file name. Non-default destination program and/or library element names can be specified with options -cp and -cl (see below). The -Source and/or -S option keywords are not required with source file specifications where file names cannot be intermixed with other name specifications, e.g., if source file names are the first names specified on the ULC command line. However the -Source (and/or -S) option can be used for explicit source file specification to avoid ambiguities in case where source file names are not the first name specifications on the ULC command line. At least one source file specification is required if neither option -dp nor option -dl (see below) is specified.

Static Link Option [-lib libname...]

The static link -lib option requires one or more library name specifications and at least one valid source file specification (see option -Source above). The machine code of the libraries specified with the -lib option must be available in the ulcprog.vdb file of the BAE programs directory, i.e., the required libraries must be compiled before they can be linked. The built-in linker of the User Language Compiler binds the machine code of these libraries to the machine code currently to be translated.

Dynamic Link Option [-dll libname...]

The dynamic link option -dll requires one or more library name specifications and at least one valid source file specification (see option -Source above). The machine code of the libraries specified with the -dll option must be available in the ulcprog.vdb file of the BAE programs directory, i.e., the required libraries must be compiled before they can be linked. The built-in linker of the User Language Compiler stores dynamic link request information with the machine code to enable the User Language Interpreter to perform dynamic linking of the requested libraries at runtime.

Create Program/Library Option [{-cp|-cl} [dstname...]]

The create option can be used to designate the type of machine code to be generated. The User Language Compiler can create either User Language programs or User Language libraries. On default, program generation request is assumed, i.e., omitting both the -cp and the -cl option defaults to User Language program creation. Option -cp explicitly selects program generation whilst option -cl selects library generation; both options must not be used together. On default, the destination element name is derived from the corresponding source file name; both the directory path and the source file name extension are stripped from the source file name to generate the destination element name. Options -cp and -cl allow for the specification of non-default destination program and/or library names. Only onesource file specification (see option -Source) is allowed when explicitly specifying destination element name(s) with options -cp and -cl. The machine code generated by the Compiler is stored with the specified destination element name to the ulcprog.vdb file in the BAE programs directory. Wildcards are not supported with destination element name specifications. Multiple destination element name specifications can be used to store the machine code of a single source under different names, e.g., to generate programs scm_st, ged_st, etc. from a single source file named bae_st.ulh.

Include Path Option [-I[nclude] includepath...]

The -Include (and/or -I) option is used for specifying multiple alternate include paths for include file name search. At least one include path argument is required. When encountering an #include preprocessor statement, the Compiler first checks the current directory for include file access and then searches the include paths in the sequence specified with the -Include option until the requested include file is found.

Define Option [-D[efine] macroid...]

The -Define (and/or -D) option is used for defining macros at the User Language Compiler call. At least one macro identifier is required. This option corresponds with the #define preprocessor statement, i.e., macros defined with the -Define option can be checked with the #ifdef or #ifndef preprocessor statements, thus giving more control on conditional compilation to the Compiler.

Optimizer Option [-O[0|1]]

The -O option is used to activate or deactivate the optimizer of the User Language Compiler. On default the optimizer is deactivated, i.e., omitting this option leaves the optimizer deactivated. Option -O or -O1 activates the optimizer. Option -O0 explicitly deactivates the optimizer. The optimizer frees the machine code from redundancies, and modifies it to make it more efficient. Optimizing machine code significantly reduces disk space and main memory requirements, and the resulting machine code can be loaded and executed much faster. It is strongly recommended to activate the optimizer.

Error Severity Option [-e[0|1]]

The -e option is used for setting the error severity level. On default the error severity level is set to 1, i.e. omitting this option selects error severity level 1. Option -e0 sets error severity level 0. Option -e or -e1 explicitly sets error severity level 1. Error severity level 1 compiles all specified sources; error severity level 0 causes the Compiler to stop the compilation process on any errors occurred during a single source compilation.

Warning Severity Option [-w[0|1|2|3|4]]

The -w option is used for setting the warning severity level in the range 0 to 4. On default, the warning severity level is set to 0, i.e., omitting this option selects warning severity level 0. Omitting explicit level specification with this option as with -w defaults to warning severity level 3. Each type of warning defined with the Compiler is assigned to a certain warning severity level. The Compiler only prints warnings with a warning severity level less than or equal the level selected with the -w option since higher warning severity levels denote less importance. With this option, it is possible to suppress less important warning messages.

Top Level Warnings Only Option [-t[0|1]]

The -t option controls whether warning messages related to the compilation of include files are omitted or not. On default (i.e., if this option is not specified or if its value is set to 0), warning messages related to the compilation of both top level source code files and include files are issued. Setting this option value to 1 prevents the User Language Compiler from issuing warning messages related to the compilation of include files, thus simplifying the analysis of warning messages when working with standard include files containing functions and variables which are not used by every program.

Listing Option [-l[0|1|2|3|4|5]]

The -l option is used to control the listing file output. Listing modes 0 to 5 can be specified. Mode 0 won't produce any listing output and mode 5 produces the most detailed listing. On default, listing mode 0 is selected, i.e., no listing file is generated if this options is omitted. Omitting explicit listing mode specification with this option as with -l defaults to listing mode 5. The listing output file name is derived from the corresponding source code file name, where the original file name extension is replaced with extension .lst. The listing file is for user information purposes only, i.e., it is not required by system.

Listing Directory Option [-ld listingdirectory]

The -ld option allows for the specification of an alternative output directory for the listing files created with the -l option. This option is useful when applying make utilities for automatically compiling modified User Language programs as it allows to keep the source directories clean. With the BAE software, a makefile is provided in the baeulc directory. This makefile defines the dependencies between User Language programs and include files and works with listing files in a subdirectory (lst).

Delete Program Option [-dp prgname...]

The -dp option is used for deleting previously compiled programs from the ulcprog.vdb file in the BAE programs directory. At least one program element name is required. Wildcards are supported with the program element name specification if wildcard recognition is activated (see option -wcon above). Warnings are issued when trying to delete non-existent programs. Program deletion is always processed before any source code compilation to avoid compilation process conflicts such as deleting a program immediately after it has been compiled with the same ULC call.

Delete Library Option [-dl libname...]

The -dl option is used for deleting previously compiled libraries from the ulcprog.vdb file in the BAE programs directory. At least one library element name is required. Wildcards are supported with the library element name specification if wildcard recognition is activated (see option -wcon above). Warnings are issued when trying to delete non-existent libraries. Library deletion is always processed before any source code compilation to avoid compilation process conflicts such as deleting a library immediately after it has been compiled with the same ULC call.

Program Database File Name Option [-ulp prgfilename]

On default, the User Language Compiler stores User Language programs to a file named ulcprog.vdb in the Bartels AutoEngineer programs directory. The -ulp option can be used to select a different User Language program database file.

Library Database File Name Option [-ull libfilename]

On default, the User Language Compiler stores User Language libraries to a file named ulcprog.vdb in the Bartels AutoEngineer programs directory. The -ull option can be used to select a different User Language library database file.

Log File Option [-log logfilename]

The User Language Compiler prints all messages to standard output and to a log file. Log file output is generated to save long message lists which could be generated at the compilation of different sources. On default the log file name is set to ulc.log (current directory). The -log option can be used to specify a non-default log file name.

Examples

Compilation of the User Language program contained in ulcprog.ulc with optimization and warning message output; the produced machine program is stored with the name ulcprog to the ulcprog.vdb file of the BAE programs directory:

ulc ulprog -Ow

Compilation of the User Language program contained in ulcprog.ulc with listing file output (to ulcprog.lst); the produced machine program is stored with the name newprog to the ulcprog.vdb file of the BAE programs directory:

ulc ulprog -l -cp newprog

Deleting the User Language programs named ulcprog and newprog and all User Language libraries with names starting with test and ending on lib from the ulcprog.vdb file of the BAE programs directory:

ulc -dp ulprog newprog -dl test*lib

Generate User Language library libsll from source file libbae.ulh (optimizer is activated; listing output is directed to file libbae.lst):

ulc libbae.ulh -cl libsll -l2O

Compile all current directory files with extension .ulc and statically link the generated program machine codes with library libsll (macro USELIB is defined for controlling conditional compilation; optimizer is activated):

ulc *.ulc -Define USELIB -lib libsll -O

Generate libraries libstd and stdlib from source file std.ulh (optimizer is activated, warning severity level is to 2):

ulc -w2 -O -cl libstd stdlib -Source std.ulh

Generate library liblay from source file \baeulc\lay.ulh with library libstd dynamically linked (optimizer is activated, warning severity level is set to 3, Compiler messages are directed to log file genlib.rep instead of ulc.log):

ulc /wO -cl liblay -S \baeulc\lay.ulh -dll libstd -log genlib.rep

Generate programs laypcr and tracerep from source files laypcr.old and tracerep.ulc with library liblay dynamically linked (optimizer is activated):

ulc laypcr.old /dll liblay /cp -O /S tracerep
 

3.2.3 Error Handling

One of the most important Compiler features is the error handling. This is due to the fact, that source codes, which contain errors and/or redundancies are most frequently processed (a correct, redundancy-free program is usually only compiled once). The error and warning messages issued by the Compiler are intended to support the programmer in developing error-free User Language programs and/or libraries without redundancies as quickly as possible.

The User Language Compiler prints all messages to the screen and to a log file. Log file output is generated to save long message lists which could be generated at the compilation of different sources. On default, the log file name is set to ulc.log (current directory); a non-default log file name can be specified using the -log Compiler option (see above).

This section lists all error and warning messages defined with the User Language Compiler. At the appearance of errors no valid machine code can be produced. Warnings indicate the generation of valid machine code, which, however, might show up with unpredictable side effects at runtime. With each message a line number is included wherever possible to localize the corresponding error. This line number specification refers either to the source code file (denoted by "Ll") or to the machine code (denoted by "Lp").

The warnings messages listed below are preceded with a number enclosed in square brackets. These are not part of the actually printed warnings, but denote the minimum warning severity level to be set with the -w option to prompt the User Language Compiler to issue the corresponding warnings. Warnings assigned to severity level 0 are always printed, regardless of the selected warning severity level.

General Messages

On syntactically wrong Compiler calls, the correct ULC command syntax is displayed, and the compilation process is aborted.

The following general Compiler messages denote current Compiler actions and/or issue resumes on the compilation process:

Deleting programs from "n"...
Program 'n' deleted.
Deleting libraries from "n"...
Library 'n' deleted.
Loading/linking libraries...
Compiling source code file "n"...
Program 'n' successfully created.
Library 'n' successfully created.
Source code file "n" successfully compiled.
e errors, w warnings.
User Language Compiler aborted!
User Language Compilation successfully done.

The following Compiler messages indicate general errors regarding the Compiler call, such as missing Compiler runtime authorization, invalid file and/or element name specifications, file access problems or link library access problems:

ERROR : Please check your User Authorization!
ERROR : File name "n" is too long!
ERROR : File name "n" contains invalid chars!
ERROR : Element name 'n' is too long!
ERROR : Element name 'n' contains invalid chars!
ERROR : Error writing listing file "n"!
ERROR : Error creating ULC log file "n"!
ERROR : Too many source code files specified!
ERROR : Source code file "n" not found!
ERROR : Library 'n' not found!
ERROR : User Language Library 'n' Version not compatible!

The following messages indicate general problems accessing specified directories and/or program or library elements or notify of link library inconveniences:

[0] WARNING : Directory 'n' not found/not available!
[0] WARNING : Program 'n' not found!
[0] WARNING : Library 'n' not found!
[0] WARNING : Library 'n' is not optimized!

Fatal Errors

The following internal compiler messages either indicate memory management errors or refer to Compiler implementation gaps:

(Ll) ERROR : List overflow!
(Ll) ERROR : Out of memory!
(Ll) ERROR : INTERNAL ERROR IN function -- PLEASE REPORT!

Parser Errors

The following messages indicate source code file access and/or syntax errors:

(Ll) ERROR : Cannot open source file "n"!
(Ll) ERROR : Cannot read source file "n"!
(Ll) ERROR : Source file expression too complex ('s')!
(Ll) ERROR : Source file element too long ('s')!
(Ll) ERROR : Syntax error at 'string' (unexpected symbol)!
(Ll) ERROR : Unspecified syntax analyzer error!

Semantic Errors and Warnings

The following errors can be issued whilst performing semantic source code analysis:

(Ll) ERROR : Identifier 'n' is too long!
(Ll) ERROR : Character 's' is too long / no character!
(Ll) ERROR : String "s" is too long!
(Ll) ERROR : Numeric value 's' is too long!
(Ll) ERROR : Invalid numeric value 's'!
(Ll) ERROR : Type 'n' not defined!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of type 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' not defined!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of function 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' is a system function!
(Ll) ERROR : Function parameter 'n' not defined!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of function parameter 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple declaration of function parameter 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Variable 'n' not defined!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of variable 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Assignment to constant or result value is attempted!
(Ll) ERROR : Not an array; cannot perform index access!
(Ll) ERROR : Invalid array index specified!
(Ll) ERROR : Array subscript out of range!
(Ll) ERROR : Access to member ('n') of unknown struct!
(Ll) ERROR : Structure 'n' unknown/invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of structure 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Structure member 'n' unknown/invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : Multiple definition of structure member 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Index 'n' unknown/invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : Index variable 'n' unknown/invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : 'n' is not an index variable!
(Ll) ERROR : 'forall'-index not defined for 'of'-index 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : 'continue' not within a loop!
(Ll) ERROR : 'break' not within a loop or 'switch'!
(Ll) ERROR : 'void' function 'n' cannot return a value!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' must 'return' a valid value!
(Ll) ERROR : 'return' expr. not type-compat. to function 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Expression not type-compatible to parameter 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Expression not type-compatible to variable 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Operand not type-compatible to the 'n'-operator!
(Ll) ERROR : Operands not type-compatible to the 'n'-operator!
(Ll) ERROR : Invalid assignment to active loop index variable!
(Ll) ERROR : Invalid 'n'-expression!
(Ll) ERROR : Unknown/undefined function 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' - not enough parameters specified!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' - parameter not compatible!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' - parameter out of range!
(Ll) ERROR : Invalid '#if-#else-#endif' construct!
(Ll) ERROR : Identifier 'n' is defined as macro!
(Ll) ERROR : Access to void macro 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : Cannot store BNF to UL library!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF redefined!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF symbol 'n' unknown/undefined!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF production 'n' double defined!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF reduce/reduce conflict at production 'n'!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF terminal symbol 'n' is invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF comment delimiter 's' is invalid!
(Ll) ERROR : BNF function 'n' not of type 'int'!
(Ll) ERROR : Division by zero is attempted!
(Ll) ERROR : Endless loop!
(Ll) ERROR : Function 'n' - recursive call!
(Lp) ERROR : Stack overflow!
ERROR : End of file reached where '}' has been expected!
ERROR : Incompatible index/function reference(s)!

The following warnings can be issued whilst performing semantic source code analysis:

[1] (Ll) WARNING : BNF contains no valid productions!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n' - default return value used!
[1] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n' - too many parameters specified!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n' - change of parameter n will be ignored!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n' - change of parameter 'n' will be ignored!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Constant 'n'-expression!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Expression has no side-effects!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n', local variable 'n' hides global variable!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n', parameter 'n' hides global variable!
[4] (Ll) WARNING : Variable 'n' has not been initialized!
[4] (Ll) WARNING : Macro 'n' redefined!

Optimizer Warnings

The following warnings are issued by the optimizer and indicate source code redundancies:

[1] (Ll) WARNING : BNF is not referenced!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Global variable 'n' not referenced!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n' not referenced!
[2] (Ll) WARNING : Statement is not reached!
[3] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n', Local variable 'n' not referenced!
[3] (Ll) WARNING : Function 'n', Parameter 'n' not referenced!
[4] WARNING : Library function 'n' not referenced!
[4] WARNING : Library variable 'n' not referenced!
[4] WARNING : Dynamic Link Library 'n' is not referenced!

Database Access Errors

The following messages indicate errors on the storage of the machine program:

ERROR : Cannot create database file "n"!
ERROR : Read/write error whilst accessing file "n"!
ERROR : Too many open files!
ERROR : File "n" is not a database/DDB file!
ERROR : File structure is damaged in file "n"!
ERROR : File structure is erroneous in file "n"!
ERROR : Function not available for old format!
ERROR : Database limit exceeded!
ERROR : File "n" is not compatible with program version!
ERROR : Element 'n' not found!
ERROR : Element 'n' exists already!
ERROR : File "n" not found!
ERROR : Record end reached!
ERROR : Unspecified database error!
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Compiler
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